The data from Wave 1 of NIDS-CRAM showed that women were disproportionately affected by the Covid- 19 crisis and the first month of the lockdown period in South Africa. Not only were they much more likely than men to lose their jobs between February and April or to work fewer hours compared to the pre-crisis period, they also took on a greater share of the additional childcare as a result of school closures and the suspension of all childcare services. In this policy paper, we use Wave 2 of NIDS-CRAM to explore how women and men have fared as the economy started to reopen and lockdown restrictions were relaxed.
A major focus of RESEP labour research is to produce robust quantitative analysis on issues of unemployment and (minimum) wages, the teaching profession, and labour market decision making.
Publications: Labour
This brief replicates UNESCO’s calculations, to determine whether South African teachers’ wages are comparable with those in Denmark. The level of teacher wages so determined was only USD71, which is similar to Japan and Italy, but even this seems unrealistically high. UNESCO uses purchasing power parity (PPP) exchange rates for converting teacher pay across countries to dollars – this is where the problem might be. As an alternative strategy to assess the adequacy of teacher pay in international comparison, we use teacher household assets instead of compensation as a proxy for teacher living standards. This results in findings which are considered to be plausible, as South Africa is then comparable with developing countries such as Botswana, Malaysia and Philippines.
This report determines how the real resources available to the average child in South Africa have changed over the period 2008 to 2018.
A report by RESEP’s Servaas van der Berg, Martin Gustafsson, and Kholekile Malindi titled Education and Skills for the Economy and Links to Labour Markets in South Africa, has been released for public comment by the National Planning Commission.
This paper presents new evidence on the employment effects of a large increase in agricultural minimum wages in South Africa using anonymized tax data.
Von Fintel, D. and Orthofer, A., 2020. Wealth inequality and financial inclusion: Evidence from South African tax and survey records. Economic Modelling.
Piek, M. and von Fintel, D., 2020. Sectoral minimum wages in South Africa: Disemployment by firm size and trade exposure. Development Southern Africa, 37(3), pp.462-482.
A cost-effective intervention that is easy to implement – this is how researchers describe the standardised reference letter that was developed to assist unemployed South Africans in their search for a job. The study found that job-seekers with previous work experience who use reference letters in their job applications stand to increase their employment prospects by more than 50%.
On 20 and 21 June 2019, the labour group within RESEP hosted a small, successful workshop on The Labour Market in a Macro-economic Context at the Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Studies (STIAS)
Sectoral minimum wages in South Africa: disemployment by firm size and trade exposure
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No.WP19/2018This paper measures the impact of South African minimum wages on small and large firm employment in a sector that is exposed to international competition (agriculture) and one that is not (retail).
Bridging the intention-behavior gap? The effect of plan-making prompts on job search and employment
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP11/2018We test the effects of plan-making on job search and employment. In a field experiment with unemployed youths, participants who complete a detailed job search plan increase the number of job applications submitted (15%) but not the time spent searching, consistent with intention-behavior gaps observed at baseline.
Does education enhance productivity in smallholder agriculture? Causal evidence from Malawi
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP05/2018Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP05/2018 Publication date: March 2018 Abstract: Malawi is a low-income country where the majority of the poor live and work…
Bargaining to work: the effect of female autonomy on female labour supply
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP04/2018Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP04/2018 Publication date: March 2018 Abstract: Female labour supply is an important outcome for measuring gender equality and is therefore…
Migration and gender in South Africa: following bright lights and the fortunes of others?
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP09/2017Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP09/2017 Publication date: September 2017 Abstract: Internal migration in South Africa has a strong gender dimension. Historically, the apartheid-era migrant…
The value of reference letters
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP06/2017Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP06/2017 Publication date: June 2017 Abstract: We show that reference letters from former employers alleviate information asymmetries about workers’ skills…
Institutional wage-setting, labour demand and labour supply: causal estimates from a South African pseudo-panel
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP07/2016Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP07/2016 Abstract: Unemployment in South Africa has been attributed to multiple causes. Wages have grown faster than productivity to reduce…
Graduate unemployment and Higher Education Institutions in South Africa
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP08/2016Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP08/2016 Abstract: The emerging consensus regarding high and rising levels of graduate unemployment in South Africa in recent years has…
Wage flexibility in a high unemployment regime: spatial heterogeneity and the size of local labour markets
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP09/2016Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP09/2016 Abstract: Whereas some previous microeconometric evidence suggests that wage setters in South Africa are highly responsive to external local…
Earnings functions, labour market discrimination and quality of education in South Africa
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP02/2002Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP02/2002 Abstract: Education is a key determinant of earnings, as several South African studies have confirmed. Years of schooling completed,…
Changing Patterns of South African income distribution: Towards time series estimates of distribution and poverty
Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP02/2003Stellenbosch Working Paper Series No. WP02/2003 Abstract: Research on income distribution in South Africa has, for obvious reasons, focused on inter-racial (inter-group) income distribution. Quite…